Organic Chemistry - What is Electronegativity?

Organic Chemistry - What is Electronegativity?Many parents want to start an interest in Organic Chemistry, but not too many know what the term 'electronegativity' means. The article below will help parents familiarize themselves with the term.In case you're not familiar with the term 'electronegativity', it refers to the electrical properties of a molecule. Electronegativity refers to the relative rate of interaction between an electron and a molecule, or in other words, how easily the electron is repelled from the molecule. Electronegativity is a pretty complicated field, and if you've ever wanted to do research on the subject, it's best to read the written work of a good Organic Chemistry tutor. The best Organic Chemistry tutors have years of experience under their belt and are generally well-versed in this topic.With a large molecule like carbon, electronegativity is quite important, because when a molecule with one more electron than another molecule comes into contact with the m olecule with more electrons, that molecule immediately becomes electronegative. It is this first electron that then follows the chain of electrons, creating the electrostatic charge that can subsequently repel or attract.To get an example of this, think about how some new molecules are manufactured. These are molecules that are created by adding one atom with one more electron to a molecule which already has one more electron than another molecule.When this occurs, the electron in the existing molecule must be either exchanged for an extra electron, or the remaining one is removed. This action produces a second molecule, which have the same number of electrons as the first, but two more protons in its nucleus. An electron with two protons, and two more with four, make this molecule, or molecule with two protons and two neutrons, or (N=2) - the same as the original molecule.The first atom in this chain then must go into a less energetic state before it can gain the two additional ele ctrons required to be electronegative. It does this through kinetic energy, or heat energy - and then energy can be transferred from this to the second atom that makes up the chain, in order to complete the process.There are other types of bonds that are produced in this way, but in general, a molecule goes into the second state because the electron in the first atom changes, creating a second electron with two protons in its nucleus. The second atom then uses this energy, to create a bond with the next atom that has more electrons than the first, making that the second atom electronegative.As the chain continues, these bonds continue to the end, in a process called a bond elongation, where one atom starts using all the available energy it has, to make a bond with the next one, with each having more electrons than the one before. Finally, at the end of the chain, the bonds end with the third atom, with all the atoms having three electrons each, creating a completely electronegative molecule.